付録
Hypothesis Testing-Article仮説検定：記事
Student Learning Objectives学習到達目標
- The student will identify a hypothesis testing problem in print.印刷物の中から仮説検定の問題を見つける。
- The student will conduct a survey to verify or dispute the results of the hypothesis test.
英語のヒント
仮説検定の結果を検証または反証するために調査を行う。 - The student will summarize the article, analysis, and conclusions in a report.記事、分析、結論を報告書にまとめる。
Instructions指示
As you complete each task, check it off. Answer all questions in your summary.
____Find an article in a newspaper, magazine, or on the internet which makes a claim about ONE population mean or ONE population proportion. The claim may be based upon a survey that the article was reporting on. Decide whether this claim is the null or alternate hypothesis.
____Copy or print out the article and include a copy in your project, along with the source.
____State how you will collect your data. (Convenience sampling is not acceptable.)
____Conduct your survey. You must have more than 50 responses in your sample. When you hand in your final project, attach the tally sheet or the packet of questionnaires that you used to collect data. Your data must be real.
____State the statistics that are a result of your data collection: sample size, sample mean, and sample standard deviation, OR sample size and number of successes.
____Make two copies of the appropriate solution sheet.
____Record the hypothesis test on the solution sheet, based on your experiment. Do a DRAFT solution first on one of the solution sheets and check it over carefully. Have a classmate check your solution to see if it is done correctly. Make your decision using a 5% level of significance. Include the 95% confidence interval on the solution sheet.
____Create a graph that illustrates your data. This may be a pie or bar graph or may be a histogram or box plot, depending on the nature of your data. Produce a graph that makes sense for your data and gives useful visual information about your data. You may need to look at several types of graphs before you decide which is the most appropriate for the type of data in your project.
____Write your summary (in complete sentences and paragraphs, with proper grammar and correct spelling) that describes the project. The summary MUST include:
____Find an article in a newspaper, magazine, or on the internet which makes a claim about ONE population mean or ONE population proportion. The claim may be based upon a survey that the article was reporting on. Decide whether this claim is the null or alternate hypothesis.
____Copy or print out the article and include a copy in your project, along with the source.
____State how you will collect your data. (Convenience sampling is not acceptable.)
____Conduct your survey. You must have more than 50 responses in your sample. When you hand in your final project, attach the tally sheet or the packet of questionnaires that you used to collect data. Your data must be real.
____State the statistics that are a result of your data collection: sample size, sample mean, and sample standard deviation, OR sample size and number of successes.
____Make two copies of the appropriate solution sheet.
____Record the hypothesis test on the solution sheet, based on your experiment. Do a DRAFT solution first on one of the solution sheets and check it over carefully. Have a classmate check your solution to see if it is done correctly. Make your decision using a 5% level of significance. Include the 95% confidence interval on the solution sheet.
____Create a graph that illustrates your data. This may be a pie or bar graph or may be a histogram or box plot, depending on the nature of your data. Produce a graph that makes sense for your data and gives useful visual information about your data. You may need to look at several types of graphs before you decide which is the most appropriate for the type of data in your project.
____Write your summary (in complete sentences and paragraphs, with proper grammar and correct spelling) that describes the project. The summary MUST include:
英語のヒント
各作業を終えるごとにチェックを入れよ。すべての問いに対する答えをまとめに記せ。____ 1つの母平均または1つの母比率について主張している記事を、新聞、雑誌、またはインターネットで見つけよ。記事が報告している調査に基づく主張でもよい。その主張が帰無仮説か対立仮説かを判断せよ。____ 記事をコピーまたは印刷し、出典とともに課題に添付せよ。____ データをどのように集めるかを記せ。（便宜抽出は認められない。）____ 調査を実施せよ。標本には50件を超える回答が必要である。最終課題を提出するときは、データ収集に用いた集計用紙または質問票一式を添付せよ。データは実際に得たものでなければならない。____ データ収集で得られた統計量を記せ。標本の大きさ、標本平均、標本標準偏差、または標本の大きさと成功数を示すこと。____ 適切な解答用紙を2部用意せよ。____ 実験に基づく仮説検定を解答用紙に記せ。まず1部に下書きをして、注意深く点検せよ。クラスメートにも確認してもらい、正しく解けているか確かめよ。有意水準5%で判断せよ。解答用紙に95%信頼区間も記せ。____ データを示すグラフを作成せよ。データの性質に応じて、円グラフ、棒グラフ、ヒストグラム、箱ひげ図などを用いる。データに適しており、有益な視覚情報を与えるグラフを作ること。課題のデータに最も適したグラフを選ぶ前に、いくつかの種類を検討する必要があるかもしれない。____ 課題についてのまとめを、正しい文法と綴りを用い、完全な文と段落で書け。まとめには必ず次の内容を含めること。
- Brief discussion of the article, including the source出典を含む、記事についての簡潔な説明。
- Statement of the claim made in the article (one of the hypotheses).記事の主張（仮説の一方）を明記したもの。
- Detailed description of how, where, and when you collected the data, including the sampling technique; did you use cluster, stratified, systematic, or simple random sampling (using a random number generator)? As previously mentioned, convenience sampling is not acceptable.いつ、どこで、どのようにデータを集めたかの詳しい説明。標本抽出の方法も含め、クラスター抽出、層化抽出、系統抽出、乱数生成器による単純無作為抽出のどれを用いたかを記す。前述のとおり、便宜抽出は認められない。
- Conclusion about the article claim in light of your hypothesis test; this is the conclusion of your hypothesis test, stated in words, in the context of the situation in your project in sentence form, as if you were writing this conclusion for a non-statistician.仮説検定に照らした記事の主張についての結論。これは仮説検定の結論を、課題の状況に即して言葉で記したものであり、統計の専門家ではない人に向けて書くつもりで、文章で述べること。
- Sentence interpreting your confidence interval in the context of the situation in your project課題の状況に即して信頼区間を解釈した文章。
Assignment Checklist課題の確認項目
Turn in the following typed (12 point) and stapled packet for your final project:
____Cover sheet containing your name(s), class time, and the name of your study
____Summary, which includes all items listed on summary checklist
____Solution sheet neatly and completely filled out. The solution sheet does not need to be typed.
____Graphic representation of your data, created following the guidelines previously discussed; include only graphs which are appropriate and useful.
____Raw data collected AND a table summarizing the sample data (n, and s; or x, n, and p’, as appropriate for your hypotheses); the raw data does not need to be typed, but the summary does. Hand in the data as you collected it. (Either attach your tally sheet or an envelope containing your questionnaires.)
____Cover sheet containing your name(s), class time, and the name of your study
____Summary, which includes all items listed on summary checklist
____Solution sheet neatly and completely filled out. The solution sheet does not need to be typed.
____Graphic representation of your data, created following the guidelines previously discussed; include only graphs which are appropriate and useful.
____Raw data collected AND a table summarizing the sample data (n, and s; or x, n, and p’, as appropriate for your hypotheses); the raw data does not need to be typed, but the summary does. Hand in the data as you collected it. (Either attach your tally sheet or an envelope containing your questionnaires.)
英語のヒント
最終課題として、次の書類を12ポイントの文字でタイプし、ホチキスでとじて提出すること。____ 氏名、授業時間、調査の題名を記した表紙。____ まとめの確認項目にあるすべての内容を含むまとめ。____ すべての欄を丁寧に埋めた解答用紙。解答用紙はタイプしなくてもよい。____ 前述の指針に従って作成したデータのグラフ。適切で役に立つグラフだけを含めること。____ 収集した生データと、標本データを要約した表。仮説に応じて、n、、s、またはx、n、p’を示す。生データはタイプしなくてもよいが、要約はタイプすること。データは収集したままの形で提出せよ。（集計用紙を添付するか、質問票を封筒に入れて添付する。）
Bivariate Data, Linear Regression, and Univariate Data2変量データ、線形回帰、1変量データ
Student Learning Objectives学習到達目標
- The students will collect a bivariate data sample through the use of appropriate sampling techniques.適切な標本抽出法を用いて、2変量データの標本を集める。
- The student will attempt to fit the data to a linear model.データに線形モデルの当てはめを試みる。
- The student will determine the appropriateness of linear fit of the model.モデルの線形の当てはめが適切かどうかを判断する。
- The student will analyze and graph univariate data.1変量データを分析し、グラフに表す。