第13章ハイブリッドマルチクラウドのデジタルソリューション開発

By the end of this section, you will be able to:

• Define and differentiate hybrid and multicloud infrastructure deployments

• Understand the importance of cloud mashups

• Understand how to accelerate the creation of solutions using cloud infrastructure and platform services

Cloud computing provides businesses with more options that help them deploy application workloads more effectively. Application workloads may include clients and servers in traditional client-server architectures, nodes in peer-to-peer (P2P) architectures, or services in microservice architectures. When it comes to cloud architecture, organizations need to determine which application workload should run in the cloud. Organizations taking advantage of cloud computing environments should ensure that it does not introduce delays in solution delivery and maintenance.

For large-scale applications, businesses look for better ways to manage users and queries without clogging a single cloud system. In this section, we will review different cloud solutions that are built upon combining a public cloud and a private cloud.

Every year, organizations around the world are hit with major cyberattacks that affect millions and even billions of private accounts and records. To deter cyberattacks, organizations spend millions of dollars per year on cybersecurity. Cloud-based architectures are more difficult to secure and also partially rely on trusting security architectures provided by cloud service providers.

In your opinion, why are organizations becoming more dependent on cloud computing, considering added security risks?

One approach to managing cloud storage is to allow localization of infrastructure data while also utilizing third-party services for storing public data, hence implementations of hybrid cloud. Deployment of hybrid cloud infrastructures allows enterprises to manage flexible workloads using both public and private resources, opening the opportunity of having more management rights over sensitive data while also utilizing public clouds to deploy public applications.

To accommodate a broad range of needs, hybrid cloud solutions aim for a dynamic environment by allowing a wide range of options to combat potential issues regarding different deployment, communications, and management. Several approaches that the hybrid cloud offers toward these issues include cloud deployment, application communications, and application and infrastructure management.

When it comes to deployment, organizations look at the structure of their own application’s architecture and decide how their features should be deployed among different layers of storage. They can choose to shift their features to the cloud and keep the system on premise or move a fraction of their deployed code to the cloud while keeping cold data or backups on their private infrastructure. Hybrid cloud systems unlock access to on-site backup, which protects organizations from major financial losses or downtime in case of a system failure or a data breach. This also allows easier access to data for a remote workforce, as the data are not tied to a single location. In addition, a shift of deployed code or data system onto the cloud allows corporations to automate application updates and maintenance or scale their applications accordingly, depending on peak times, to maximize efficiency. When using a hybrid cloud system, scaling up during peak times or when demand spikes means simply paying for more cloud resources instead of having to expand local infrastructure. Likewise, a company may have the option to downscale during slower times, enabling a company to pay for only the resources it needs, when it needs them.

The main question when it comes to interconnecting one or several cloud and on-premises systems with varying providers and deployments is how to form effective communication between those systems. Businesses usually tackle the hybrid cloud network by implementing APIs as a means to communicate between different platforms, establishing secure network connections or VPNs to ensure dedicated protected connections, and encrypting data to mitigate data breaches. Note that the more complicated sets of systems the corporation manages require complex API architectures. Developers need to consider interoperability, data integration, and efficiency to design API systems that allow easy communication between systems while maximizing efficiency.

With an interconnected web of cloud and on-premises systems, developers need to find a way to effectively monitor and keep up the performance of their resources. Because of the investment of multiple cloud systems from different providers, there will be different documentation and complex operational overheads. Developers need a way to simplify administration by centralizing control of all systems either through a unified tool (e.g., Azure Arc and CloudCenter Suite) or robust architecture. Ultimately, with a hybrid cloud system, the company has full control over its data and where they are housed, making it easier to make informed choices about data security. Careful planning of management for a hybrid cloud structure allows developers to easily control the scalability, flexibility, security, and cost of their hybrid system.

The pros and cons of a hybrid cloud solution must be weighed against the needs and priorities of the organization that intends to use the solution. Typically, a hybrid cloud meets a broad range of needs, including flexibility and security, as follows:

• Easier access to data to better support the remote workforce. The organization has the flexibility to provide remote employees with on-demand access to data that are not tied to one central location.

• Reduced costs. When demand spikes, the organization can avoid capital expenditures to expand its infrastructure and instead pay only for the cloud resources it uses.

• Improved scalability and control. Increased automation allows the organization to adjust its cloud settings to respond automatically to changes in demand, as well as optimize performance and efficiency.

• Security and risk management. The organization has control over its data and improves its security by reducing the potential exposure of data. The organization can choose where to house its data and workloads, which makes it easier to implement security measures such as encryption, automation, access control, orchestration, and endpoint security.