第12章クラウドネイティブアプリケーション開発

When selecting the most appropriate cloud deployment technologies, customers should both strategically and tactically consider these choices. Strategically, customers should consider their business needs and select the cloud deployment technologies that are relevant to meet these needs. Tactically, customers should consider the application requirements and relevant cloud services needed to support those applications. In summary, the steps to select the appropriate cloud deployment technologies include:

• Assess how well the cloud deployment technology options meet the business needs.

• Understand infrastructure and workload/service requirements.

• Select cloud deployment technologies that satisfy the application requirements and provide the services needed.

With so many cloud deployment technology options, customers should regularly assess these options with the following considerations in mind:

• Cost: Understand the different cost models associated with the various cloud deployment technologies.

• Architectural fit: Understand the application deployment needs and how the different cloud deployment technologies support those needs.

• Performance: Understand the application performance requirements (e.g., workloads performance requirements, bandwidth requirements, latency requirements) and how the different cloud deployment technologies satisfy these requirements.

• Compliance: Identify any specific regulatory or contractual requirements that impose limitations that can impact the choices of cloud deployment technologies.

• Elasticity requirements: Identify the level of elasticity needed to satisfy the possible need to grow or shrink infrastructure resources dynamically as needed.

• Control requirements: Determine the level of control required to manage the various cloud deployment technologies and at what layers of the infrastructure.

• Cloud service provider lock-in: For customers who manage diverse, complex environments across multiple cloud service providers, determine the level of portability needed to enable the flexibility to change providers to optimize services utilized.

Although, generally, there is no formal process for selecting cloud deployment technologies, customers can benefit from a more formalized process as it allows customers to implement the appropriate orchestration and management tools and establish processes needed to deliver effective and efficient services.

When selecting cloud deployment technologies, requirements (e.g., latency limitations, industry-dependent data protection controls) related to the types of workloads or services should also be considered.

As the strategic requirements and workload/service constraints discussed previously are defined, customers can then evaluate the cloud deployment technologies that are most appropriate to meet their business needs. The cloud deployment technologies selected must adhere to the service levels required to satisfy business needs. These options may change over time as the range of available cloud deployment technology options continues to evolve. Prudent customers should proactively periodically evaluate these cloud deployment technologies to continuously meet business needs.

A cloud mashup is a technique for seamlessly combining multiple cloud applications from several sources into a single integrated solution. Cloud mashups can be realized in many ways covering different scopes depending on the purpose of the mashup. For example, PaaS services on public clouds can be used to create innovative cloud-based and cloud-native applications as cloud mashups, which enable corporations to undergo digital transformations to provide competitive solutions while differentiating themselves. An example of a cloud mashup that provides a driving route recommendation service is the mashup of AWS EC2, Facebook’s authentication and authorization services, and Google’s MapReduce services.

The selection of cloud deployment technologies is an important factor in the overall quality of cloud mashups measured by quality of service and quality of experience assurances as these metrics specify the desired performance requirements of the cloud mashup. Regarding the previously mentioned driving route example, the recommended driving route and the speed at which the route is calculated are important factors to determine the quality of this service. In addition, the discovery of the best-choice web services and the streamlining of services into a mashup are also impacted by the selection of cloud deployment technologies. The increasing demand for innovative cloud services have led to cloud service providers competing to provide mashup service discovery, automated composition techniques, and reusable cloud component’s APIs as services that support the ability to quickly assemble mashups.